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1.
Rev. saúde pública (Online) ; 56: 120, 2022. tab, graf
Article in English, Portuguese | LILACS | ID: biblio-1424414

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT OBJECTIVE To evaluate the follow-up of children diagnosed with deafness in neonatal hearing screening and risk factors for hearing loss. METHODS Quantitative, cross-sectional, and retrospective study to evaluate factors associated with hearing loss and the follow-up of cases of children diagnosed with audiological dysfunction, by analyzing electronic medical records of 5,305 children referred to a Specialized Center in Type I Rehabilitation, from January/2016 to February/2020, in the city of Manaus, Amazonas. The statistical study used Pearson's chi-square test and binary logistic regression in which odds ratio scans were obtained with reliability intervals of 95%. RESULTS Of the 5,305 children referred for the otoacoustic emission retest, 366 (6.9%) failed the retest. Children diagnosed with sensorineural hearing loss continued in the study, totaling 265 (72.4%). Only 58 (21.9%) children continued in the study to its end, of these 39 had received hearing aids at that point; and 16 (41%) had surgical indication for cochlear implants, of which only 3 (18.7%) had undergone surgery. Among the risk factors for hearing loss, we found 2.6 times more chance of failure in the otoacoustic emissions retest in those children who had a family history of hearing loss and ICU stay. CONCLUSION Although the screening flow reaches a large part of live births, the dropout rates during the process are high, therefore, the socioeconomic and geographic characteristics of regions such as the Amazon should be considered as relevant factors to the evasion of rehabilitation programs of these children. Hospitalization in the neonatal ICU and family history of hearing loss in the investigations could be identified as the main and most important factors for alteration of the otoacoustic emissions retests.


RESUMO OBJETIVO Avaliar o seguimento das crianças com diagnóstico de surdez na triagem auditiva neonatal e fatores de risco para deficiência auditiva. MÉTODOS Estudo quantitativo, transversal e retrospectivo para avaliação de fatores associados à perda auditiva e o seguimento dos casos de crianças diagnosticadas com disfunção audiológica, por meio da análise de prontuários eletrônicos de 5.305 crianças encaminhadas a um Centro Especializado em Reabilitação Tipo I, no período de janeiro/2016 a fevereiro/2020, na cidade de Manaus, Amazonas. O estudo estatístico utilizou o teste qui-quadrado de Pearson e por regressão logística binária nos quais foram obtidos odds ratio com intervalos de confiabilidade de 95%. RESULTADOS Das 5.305 crianças encaminhadas para realização do reteste da orelhinha, 366 (6,9%) falharam no reteste. Prosseguiram no estudo as crianças com diagnóstico de perda auditiva neurossensorial, totalizando 265 (72,4%). Permanecendo, no final da pesquisa, apenas 58 (21,9%) crianças, destas 39 receberam aparelho auditivo até o presente estudo; e 16 (41%) já tinham indicação cirúrgica para implante coclear, sendo que apenas três (18,7%) haviam realizado a cirurgia. Dentre os fatores de risco para deficiência auditiva encontramos 2,6 vezes mais chance de falha no reteste da orelhinha naquelas crianças que tinham história familiar de perda auditiva e internação em UTI. CONCLUSÕES Embora o fluxo de triagem alcance boa parte dos nascidos vivos, as taxas de evasão durante o processo são altas, portanto, as características socioeconômicas e geográficas de regiões como a Amazônia devem ser consideradas como fatores relevantes à evasão dos programas de reabilitação dessas crianças. Foi possível identificar que a internação em UTI neonatal e o histórico familiar de perda auditiva presentes nas investigações compõem os principais e mais importantes fatores para alteração dos retestes da orelhinha.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Rehabilitation Centers , Correction of Hearing Impairment/trends , Neonatal Screening , Health Care Quality, Access, and Evaluation , Disabled Children , Deafness/diagnosis , Lost to Follow-Up
2.
Rev. latinoam. enferm. (Online) ; 27: e3127, 2019. tab
Article in English | LILACS, BDENF | ID: biblio-991312

ABSTRACT

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the perceptions of deaf individuals about the communication process with health professionals of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Methods: cross-sectional observational study. Data were collected through the application of a questionnaire with quantitative and qualitative questions to 121 deaf adults. Objective responses were studied descriptively through frequency tables and analyzed by inferential statistics and logistic regression. The data from the open questions were analyzed through content analysis. Results: the lack of interpreters and the lack of use of the Brazilian Sign Language by professionals were perceived as the main communication barriers. In turn, the presence of companions who are listeners (73%) and the use of mime/gestures (68%) were among the strategies most used by the deaf. The majority of deaf people reported insecurity in consultations, and those who best understood their diagnosis and treatment were the bilingual deaf (p = 0.0347) and the deaf who used oral communication (p = 0.0056). Conclusion: communication with the professionals was facilitated when the deaf people had a companion or when they used mimics and gestures. Sign language was neglected, despite the fact that the provision of care to the deaf by professionals trained to use this language is guaranteed in the legislation.


RESUMO Objetivo: analisar as percepções de indivíduos com surdez em relação ao processo comunicacional com profissionais de saúde da Atenção Básica do Estado do Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: estudo observacional transversal. A coleta de dados foi feita através da aplicação de questionário com perguntas quantitativas e qualitativas a 121 surdos adultos. As respostas objetivas foram estudadas descritivamente através de tabelas de frequência e analisadas por estatísticas inferenciais e de regressão logística. E, para os dados oriundos de questões abertas, foi realizada uma análise de conteúdo. Resultados: a falta de intérprete e a não utilização da Língua Brasileira de Sinais pelos profissionais foram percebidas como principais barreiras comunicacionais. Já a presença de acompanhante ouvinte (73%) e o uso de mímicas/gestos (68%) estão entre as estratégias mais utilizadas pelos surdos. A maioria dos surdos relatou insegurança após as consultas e os que melhor compreenderam seu diagnóstico e tratamento foram os surdos bilíngues (p=0,0347) e os oralizados (p=0,0056). Conclusão: a comunicação com os profissionais foi facilitada quando os surdos estavam com acompanhante ou quando utilizavam mímicas e gestos, sendo a língua de sinais negligenciada, apesar da legislação garantir aos surdos atendimento por profissionais capacitados para o uso desta.


RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar las percepciones de individuos con sordera en relación al proceso comunicacional con profesionales de salud de la Atención Básica del Estado de Rio de Janeiro. Métodos: estudio observacional transversal. La recolección de datos fue hecha a través de la aplicación de un cuestionario con preguntas cuantitativas y cualitativas a 121 sordos adultos. Las respuestas objetivas fueron estudiadas descriptivamente a través de tablas de frecuencia y analizadas por estadísticas inferenciales y de regresión logística. Y, para los datos oriundos de preguntas abiertas, fue realizado un análisis de contenido. Resultados: la falta de intérprete y la no utilización de la Lengua Brasilera de Signos por los profesionales fueron percibidas como principales barreras comunicacionales. La presencia de acompañante oyente (73%) y el uso de mímicas/gestos (68%) están entre las estrategias más utilizadas por los sordos. La mayoría de los sordos relató inseguridad después de las consultas, y los que mejor comprendieron su diagnóstico y tratamiento fueron los sordos bilingües (p=0,0347) y los orales (p=0,0056). Conclusión: la comunicación con los profesionales fue facilitada cuando los sordos estaban con acompañante o cuando utilizaban mímicas y gestos, siendo la lengua de signos descuidada, a pesar de la legislación garantizar a los sordos atendimiento por profesionales capacitados para el uso de esta.


Subject(s)
Humans , Primary Health Care/organization & administration , Deafness/diagnosis , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Communication Barriers , Health Services Accessibility
3.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 83(5): 530-535, Sept.-Oct. 2017. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: biblio-889303

ABSTRACT

Abstract Introduction: Cochlear implants are undeniably an effective method for the recovery of hearing function in patients with hearing loss. Objective: To describe the preoperative vestibular assessment protocol in subjects who will be submitted to cochlear implants. Methods: Our institutional protocol provides the vestibular diagnosis through six simple tests: Romberg and Fukuda tests, assessment for spontaneous nystagmus, Head Impulse Test, evaluation for Head Shaking Nystagmus and caloric test. Results: 21 patients were evaluated with a mean age of 42.75 ± 14.38 years. Only 28% of the sample had all normal test results. The presence of asymmetric vestibular information was documented through the caloric test in 32% of the sample and spontaneous nystagmus was an important clue for the diagnosis. Bilateral vestibular areflexia was present in four subjects, unilateral arreflexia in three and bilateral hyporeflexia in two. The Head Impulse Test was a significant indicator for the diagnosis of areflexia in the tested ear (p = 0.0001). The sensitized Romberg test using a foam pad was able to diagnose severe vestibular function impairment (p = 0.003). Conclusion: The six clinical tests were able to identify the presence or absence of vestibular function and function asymmetry between the ears of the same individual.


Resumo Introdução: Os implantes cocleares (IC) são indiscutivelmente um método eficaz de recuperação da função auditiva de pacientes surdos. Objetivo: Descrever o protocolo de avaliação vestibular pré-operatória em sujeitos que serão submetidos ao IC. Método: Nosso protocolo institucional prevê o diagnóstico vestibular por meio de seis testes simples: testes de Romberg e Fukuda, nistagmo espontâneo, Head Impulse Test, Head Shaking Nistagmus, prova calórica. Resultados: Foram avaliados 21 pacientes com média de 42,75 ± 14,38 anos. Apenas 28% da amostra apresentaram todos os testes normais. A presença de informação vestibular assimétrica foi documentada pela prova calórica em 32% da amostra e o nistagmo espontâneo mostrou-se pista importante para seu diagnóstico. A arreflexia vestibular bilateral foi diagnosticada em quatro sujeitos; arreflexia unilateral em três e hiporreflexia bilateral em dois. O Head Impulse Test mostrou-se indicador significante (p = 0,0001) para diagnosticar arreflexia da orelha testada. O teste de Romberg sensibilizado em almofada foi capaz de diagnosticar os comprometimentos severos da função vestibular (p = 0,003). Conclusão: Os seis testes clínicos foram capazes de identificar a presença ou não de função vestibular e assimetria da função entre as orelhas de um mesmo indivíduo.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Adult , Middle Aged , Vestibular Function Tests/classification , Vestibular Diseases/surgery , Cochlear Implantation , Deafness/surgery , Vestibular Diseases/diagnosis , Cross-Sectional Studies , Cochlear Implants , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/etiology
4.
Int. arch. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 19(4): 359-363, Oct.-Dec. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-768337

ABSTRACT

Introduction Large vestibular aqueduct syndrome (LVAS) is characterized by the enlargement of the vestibular aqueduct associated with sensorineural hearing loss. It is the most common radiographically detectable inner ear anomaly in congenital hearing loss. LVAS may occur as an isolated anomaly or in association with other inner ear malformations. Objective To report three cases of isolated LVAS with a focus on preoperative assessment, surgical issues, and short-term postoperative follow-up with preliminary auditory habilitation outcomes. Resumed Report One girl and two boys with LVAS were assessed and cochlear implantation was performed for each. Various ways of intraoperative management of cerebrospinal fluid gusher and postoperative care and outcomes are reported. Conclusion Cochlear implantation in the deaf children with LVAS is feasible and effective.(AU)


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Cochlear Implantation , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/genetics , Vestibular Aqueduct/physiology , Diagnostic Imaging
5.
An. bras. dermatol ; 90(4): 589-590, July-Aug. 2015. tab, ilus
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-759211

ABSTRACT

AbstractWaardenburg syndrome is an inherited disease characterized by sensorineural hearing loss, pigmentation changes and minor facial malformations. It has four clinical variants. We report the case of a girl who, like her mother, was affected by this syndrome. The diagnosis was made after detection and treatment of deafness.


Subject(s)
Humans , Female , Child , Waardenburg Syndrome/diagnosis , Phenotype , Waardenburg Syndrome/physiopathology , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/physiopathology , Early Diagnosis
6.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 18(4): 295-304, out.-dez. 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-697619

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Analisar a percepção de familiares e gestores (educação e saúde) sobre o processo de diagnóstico da surdez em crianças de um município do Paraná. MÉTODOS: A coleta de dados deu-se a partir da técnica de grupo focal formado por dez pais e por entrevista aberta individual com gestores. A análise do material extraído foi feita por meio do estudo do conteúdo na modalidade temática. A discussão dos dados foi organizada pela análise das falas dos sujeitos. RESULTADOS: Foi possível extrair duas grandes categorias temáticas: frustração no processo de diagnóstico, acolhimento e orientação; dificuldades na relação intersetorial Saúde e Educação. CONCLUSÃO: Os desdobramentos da surdez diagnosticada tardiamente permearam os âmbitos relacionados à saúde e à educação das crianças com surdez. O diagnóstico precoce e o acolhimento adequado não ocorreu na maioria das crianças e verificou-se que a relação intersetorial (saúde e educação) é insatisfatória.


PURPOSE: To analyze the perception of family and managers (education and health) on the process of diagnosis of deafness in children in a city in Paraná. METHODS: The analysis of the material gathered in the focus groups and on the interviews was made based on the analysis of content of the thematic mode. The discussion of the data was organized based on the analysis of the subjects' testimonies. RESULTS: The thematic categories were: the early diagnosis and hearing health as a human right; and the necessity of adequate support and initial guidance; challenges in the inter-sector and inter-network relations. CONCLUSION: We have reached the conclusion that the repercussions of a late deafness diagnosis have influence in health and education aspects of the deaf children's life. Early diagnosis and adequate support did not happen with the majority of the children. An inadequate inter-sector relation between Health and Education municipal authorities was verified.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/epidemiology , Family Relations , Health Manager , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Child Development , Child Health Services , Correction of Hearing Impairment , Early Diagnosis , Education of Hearing Disabled , Health Services , Perception , Public Health , Qualitative Research
7.
Rev. méd. Chile ; 141(3): 305-312, mar. 2013. ilus
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-677337

ABSTRACT

Maternally Inherited Diabetes and Deafness (MIDD) is caused by mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA), mainly m.3243A>G. Severity, onset and clinical phenotype of MIDD patients are partially determined by the proportion ofmutant mitochondrial DNA copies in each cell and tissue (heteroplasmy). The identification ofMIDD allows a corred treatment with insulin avoiding drugs that may interfere with mitochondrial electrón chain transpon. We estimated the degree of heteroplasmy ofthe mutation m.3243A>G from blood, saliva, hair root and a muscle biopsy using quantitative PCR (qPCR) in a femóle adult patient. For this purpose, PCR producís were inserted in a vector creatingplasmids with 3243A or G. Mutant and wild-type vectors were mixed in different proportions to créate a calibration curve used to interpólate heteroplasmy percentages with qPCR threshold cycles. The proportions of m.3243A>G heteroplasmy were 62% (muscle), 14% (saliva), 6% (blood leukocytes) and 3% in hair root. Quantitative analysis of heteroplasmy showed marked variations in different tissues (highest in muscle and lowest in blood). Given the relatively high heteroplasmy found in saliva, this type of biológical sample may represent an adequate non-invasive way for assessing the presence of m.3243A>G mutations in epidemiologic studies.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Middle Aged , DNA, Mitochondrial/genetics , Deafness/genetics , /genetics , Mutation/genetics , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/pathology , /diagnosis , /pathology , Phenotype , Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods
8.
Audiol., Commun. res ; 18(3): 220-230, 2013. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-688552

ABSTRACT

Para que ocorra a aquisição e o desenvolvimento da linguagem é necessária a associação de uma série de fatores, cujo funcionamento harmonioso determina o sucesso desse processo. O comprometimento auditivo pode ser um obstáculo, mas, mesmo assim, a criança surda será capaz de adquirir linguagem por meio de uma língua de sinais. Porém, quando a criança apresenta alterações neurológicas, o acompanhamento fonoaudiológico se faz necessário. Esta pesquisa é um estudo de caso sobre uma criança surda, com idade de 5 anos e 10 meses, em processo de aquisição da língua de sinais, com comprometimento neurológico. Tem como objetivo avaliar, analisar e aprofundar conhecimentos sobre uma doença rara (paquigiria), associada com surdez, mostrando os impactos que isso pode acarretar à criança, em relação à comunicação. A coleta de dados foi efetuada por meio de avaliações formais e observacionais sobre habilidade e modalidade de comunicação utilizada, desenvolvimento linguístico, fonologia e conhecimento lexical na Língua Brasileira de Sinais (LIBRAS), além da aplicação de um questionário. Os resultados apontaram atraso no processo de aquisição de linguagem, mesmo considerando-se a defasagem entre o nascimento da criança e o início da aquisição da LIBRAS, aspectos que podem estar relacionados com o diagnóstico de paquigiria. É importante que o fonoaudiólogo conheça a LIBRAS e saiba avaliar a linguagem da criança utente dessa língua, pois casos como estes revelam a complexidade da associação entre surdez e quadros neurológicos variados.


In order for the acquisition and development of language to occur, it is necessary to associate a number of factors, whose harmonious functioning determines the success of this process. The hearing loss may be an obstacle, but even so, the deaf child will be able to acquire language through a sign language. However, when the child shows neurological changes, the speech monitoring becomes necessary. This research is a case study of a deaf child, aged 5 years and 10 months, in the acquisition of sign language, who presents neurological impairment. It aims to assess, analyze, and deepen the knowledge on a rare disease (pachygyria) associated with deafness, showing the impact that this can pose to the child regarding communication. Data collection was done through formal evaluations and observational regarding the ability and modality used for communication, language development, phonological and lexical knowledge in Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS); in addition to a questionnaire. The results showed delay in language acquisition, even considering the gap between the child’s birth and the early acquisition of LIBRAS, aspects that may be related to the diagnosis of pachygyria. It is important that the audiologist know LIBRAS and know to assess the language of the child who uses this language, because cases like these reveal the complexity of the association between deafness and various neurological disorders.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child, Preschool , Deafness/diagnosis , Language Development , Language Development Disorders , Lissencephaly/diagnosis , Child Language , Language Tests , Nervous System Diseases , Sign Language , Speech Sound Disorder , Speech, Language and Hearing Sciences
9.
Rev. paul. pediatr ; 30(2): 257-262, jun. 2012. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-641713

ABSTRACT

Investigar a vivência das mães entre a suspeita, o diagnóstico de surdez e o encaminhamento para habilitação, bem como a percepção delas a respeito da forma como foi dado e explicado o diagnóstico. MÉTODOS: Estudo qualitativo com dez mães ouvintes com filhos surdos que frequentavam atendimento especializado em Centro de Estudos e Pesquisas em Reabilitação, no estado de São Paulo, há pelo menos dois anos. Realizou-se entrevista semi estruturada com as mães e foi feita análise da fala das participantes, buscando compreender o sentido que as mães deram à sua comunicação. RESULTADOS: Apesar do diagnóstico de seis crianças ter sido feito antes de um ano de idade e, considerando-se os múltiplos sentimentos das mães frente à surdez de seus filhos, observou-se que, em alguns casos, o diagnóstico poderia ter ocorrido antes se a fala das mães fosse valorizada. Percebeu-se dificuldade de "escuta" dos profissionais da saúde em relação às dúvidas, queixas e questionamentos das mães. Constatou-se que, em alguns casos, mesmo quando ocorreu a triagem auditiva neonatal ou o diagnóstico oportuno, retardou-se o atendimento à criança porque não foram feitos encaminhamentos adequados para locais que trabalham na área da surdez. No momento do diagnóstico, a forma como foi comunicada a surdez à família necessitaria levar em consideração as condições sociais, culturais e emocionais das mães. CONCLUSÕES: Ressalta-se a importância da qualificação e atenção dos profissionais de saúde, para possibilitar o diagnóstico precoce, o apoio aos pais e o encaminhamento e seguimento adequados para os casos de surdez.


To investigate the experiences of mothers concerning the suspicion of deafness, the diagnosis and the referral to rehabilitation, as well as their perception about how the diagnosis was presented and explained. METHODS: Qualitative study with ten hearing mothers of deaf children who attended specialized treatment at São Paulo State, Brazil, for at least two years. A semi-structured interview with the mothers was performed and data were analyzed by examining of participants speeches, seeking to understand the meaning that mothers attributed to their own words. RESULTS: Although the diagnosis of six children was done before 12 months of age and considering mothers' multiple feelings on facing the deafness of their children, earlier diagnosis would have been possible if maternal observations have been given adequate value. Health professionals showed some difficulties in "listening" mothers' doubts, complaints and inquiries. In some cases, even when the diagnosis of deafness was appropriate by newborn hearing screening or clinical tools, children's treatment was delayed because referrals for specialized centers were inadequate. At the moment of communicating the problem, social, cultural and emotional needs of the mothers were not considered. CONCLUSIONS: The qualification and attention of health professionals is important to enable the early diagnosis of deafness, allowing appropriate support for the family and patients' referral and follow-up.


Investigar la vivencia de las madres entre la sospecha, el diagnóstico de sordera y el encaminamiento para habilitación, así como la percepción de ellas respecto a la forma como se dio y explicó el diagnóstico. MÉTODOS: Estudio cualitativo con diez madres oyentes con hijos sordos que frecuentaban atención especializada en Centro de Estudios e Investigaciones en Rehabilitación, en la provincia de São Paulo, hace como mínimo dos años. Se realizó entrevista semiestructurada con las madres y se hizo análisis del habla de las participantes, buscando comprender el sentido que las madres dieron a su comunicación. RESULTADOS: A pesar del diagnóstico de seis niños haber sido realizado antes de un año de edad y teniendo en cuenta los múltiples sentimientos de las madres frente a la sordera de los hijos, se observó que en algunos casos el diagnóstico podría haber ocurrido antes si el habla de las madres fuera valorada. Se percibió la dificultad de ®escucha¼ de los profesionales de la salud respecto a las dudas, quejas y cuestionamientos de las madres. Se constató que, en algunos casos, aun cuando tuvo lugar la selección auditiva neonatal o el diagnóstico oportuno, se retardó la atención al niño porque no se hicieron encaminamientos adecuados para locales que trabajan en el área de la sordera. En el momento del diagnóstico, la forma como se comunicó la sordera a la familia necesitaría tener en cuenta las condiciones sociales, culturales y emocionales de las madres. CONCLUSIONES: Se subraya la importancia de la cualificación y atención de los profesionales de salud, para hacer posible el diagnóstico temprano, el apoyo a los padres y el encaminamiento y seguimiento adecuados para los casos de sordera.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant , Child, Preschool , Mothers , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/psychology , Pediatrics
10.
Med. infant ; 19(2,n.esp): 95-103, jun. 2012. ilus, tab, graf
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-774309

ABSTRACT

La principal causa de hipoacusia no-sindrómica autosómica recesiva (HNSAR) son mutaciones en el locus DFNB1, que contiene los genes GJB2 (conexina 26) y GJB6 (conexina 30). Se han descripto más de 100 mutaciones diferentes en GJB2. Dos deleciones en GJB6, del (GJB6-D13S1830) y del(GJB6-D13S1854) mostraron ser prevalentes en España. El objetivo de este trabajo fue determinar la prevalencia de mutaciones en los genes GJB2 y GJB6, en niños con HNSAR de Argentina. Este estudio incluyó 113 niños no relacionados con hipoacusia neurosensorial no-sindrómica moderada a profunda. Para el análisis molecular se utilizó una estrategia en etapas. La mutación 35delG (gen GJB2) se analizó mediante PCR-RFLP. La presencia de deleciones en GJB6 se investigó por PCR múltiple. Las muestras no resueltas en las dos primeras etapas fueron analizadas por secuenciación directa del gen GJB2. En 58 pacientes se encontraron alteraciones en la secuencia de los genes GJB2/GJB6. La mutación 35delG se detectó en 52 de los 84 alelos con mutaciones patogénicas. Se identificaron 16 variantes de secuencia diferentes; entre ellas una mutación no descripta previamente, 262G>C (A88P). La deleción del (GJB6-D13S1830) fue identificada en 7 alelos. La frecuencia de mutaciones en GJB2/GJB6 encontrada en este trabajo está en concordancia con la de otras poblaciones caucásicas. La mutación más prevalente fue 35delG y la segunda mutación más común la deleción del (GJB6-D13S1830), con frecuencias similares a las encontradas en España, desde donde Argentina recibió una de sus mayores olas inmigratorias. Estos resultados destacan la importancia del estudio de los genes GJB2/GJB6 en el diagnóstico etiológico de sordera permitiendo un tratamiento precoz y un asesoramiento genético oportuno.


The main cause of autosomal recessive nonsyndromic hear-ing loss (ARNSHL) are mutations in genes GJB2 (connexin 26) and GJB6 (connexin 30) at the DFNB1 locus. More than 100 different mutations in GJB2 have been described. Two dele-tions in GJB6, of (GJB6-D13S1830) and of (GJB6-D13S1854) have been found prevalent in Spain. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of GJB2 and GJB6 gene muta-tions in children with ARNSHL in Argentina. In the study, 113 non-related children with moderate to profound nonsyndromic sensorineural hearing loss were included. A staging strategy was used for molecular analysis. The 35delG mutation (gene GJB2) was analyzed using PCR-RFLP. The presence of de-letions in GJB6 was tested by multiplex PCR. Samples that were not resolved in the first two stages were subsequently assessed by direct sequencing of the GJB2 gene. In 58 patients abnormal patterns were found in the GJB2/GJB6 sequences. The 35delG mutation was detected in 52 of the 84 alleles with pathogenic mutations. Sixteen different sequence variants were identified of which one, 262G>C (A88P), was not previously described. Deletion of (GJB6-D13S1830) was identified in 7 alleles. The rate of mutations in GJB2/GJB6 found in this study is similar to that reported in other Caucasian populations. The most prevalent mutation was 35delG followed by a deletion of (GJB6-D13S1830), with a rate similar to that found in Spain from which Argentina received one of the largest waves of immigrants. These results emphasize the need to study GJB2/GJB6 genes in the etiological diagnosis of hearing loss allowing for early treatment and adequate genetic counseling.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant , Child, Preschool , Child , Adolescent , Connexins/genetics , Genes , Mutation/genetics , Hearing Loss/congenital , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Hearing Loss/etiology , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/etiology , Argentina
11.
An. bras. dermatol ; 86(4): 815-815, jul.-ago. 2011. ilus
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-600637

ABSTRACT

A síndrome de KID é uma displasia ectodérmica congênita rara que afeta a pele, o epitélio da córnea e o ouvido interno. Clinicamente, observam-se placas de eritroqueratodermia na face e pregas, geralmente presentes desde o nascimento, a surdez neurossensorial severa e bilateral, e a vascularização córnea associado à queratite de evolução progressiva à qual surge após as alterações cutâneas e auditivas na puberdade. Face ao quadro surdez, às infecções cutâneas, ao risco de cegueira e à degeneração maligna, o diagnóstico precoce da síndrome é fundamental, bem como o seguimento clínico periódico e o aconselhamento genético.


Keratitis-ichthyosis-deafness (KID) syndrome is a rare congenital ectodermal dysplasia affecting skin, the corneal epithelium and inner ear. Clinical signs consist of erythrokeratodermal plaques on the face and skin folds, usually present from birth, as well as severe and bilateral sensorineural hearing loss and corneal vascularization associated with slow-progressing keratitis which follows skin and hearing changes at puberty. In view of symptoms of deafness, blindness, skin infections and the risk of malignant degeneration, early diagnosis of the syndrome is essential, together with clinical follow-up and genetic counseling.


Subject(s)
Child , Humans , Male , Deafness/diagnosis , Ichthyosis/diagnosis , Keratitis/diagnosis , Deafness/pathology , Ichthyosis/pathology , Keratitis/pathology
12.
J. Soc. Bras. Fonoaudiol ; 23(1): 32-37, jan.-mar. 2011. ilus, tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-586640

ABSTRACT

OBJETIVO: Identificar e detalhar a situação do diagnóstico e atendimento de crianças surdas de dois municípios que pertencem à região administrativa de Campinas (SP). MÉTODOS: Foi realizado levantamento de 320 prontuários referentes à pacientes com diagnóstico de surdez pré-lingual no período de 1996 a 2005, em duas instituições localizadas na região de Campinas: uma clínica especializada no atendimento à surdez e uma clínica universitária. RESULTADOS: Quanto a suspeita da perda auditiva, a média de idade foi de um 1 e 9 meses. A média de idade da primeira consulta com o médico ou fonoaudiológico foi de 3 anos e 6 meses; para o diagnóstico da surdez 4 anos e 3 meses; para o início de intervenção clínica 6 anos e 1 mês; e para a adaptação de aparelho de amplificação sonora individual (AASI) 7 anos e 5 meses. CONCLUSÃO: A suspeita, primeira consulta médica, diagnóstico, intervenção e adaptação de AASI ocorreram tardiamente, se considerados os padrões diagnósticos e de acesso aos serviços preconizados na atualidade. Além disso, há um intervalo de tempo importante entre cada uma das etapas, destacando-se principalmente o período entre a suspeita da surdez e o início da intervenção clínica. A região de Campinas é bastante desenvolvida economicamente, dispõe de uma ampla rede de serviços de saúde, mas se mostra pouco eficiente no que se refere ao atendimento em surdez.


PURPOSE: To identify and detail the current situation of diagnosis and assistance to deaf children in two cities belonging to the administrative region of Campinas (SP). METHODS: It was conducted a survey of 320 medical records of patients diagnosed with prelingual deafness in the period between 1996 and 2005, in two institutions located in the region of Campinas: a university clinic and a clinic specialized in the assistance to deaf individuals. RESULTS: Regarding the suspicion of hearing loss, the average age of the subjects was 1 year and 9 months. The mean age of children referred to medical or speech-language pathology service was 3 years and 6 months; the mean age for deafness diagnosis was 4 years and 3 months; the mean age for the beginning of clinical intervention was 6 years and 1 month; and the mean age for hearing aid adaptation was 7 years and 5 months. CONCLUSION: Suspicion of deafness, the first visit to a doctor, diagnosis, intervention and hearing aid adaptation were all delayed when compared to current recommended diagnostic standards and conditions of access to services. In addition, there was a significant delay between each stage, especially in the period between the suspicion of deafness and the beginning of clinical intervention. Although Campinas region is well developed in economic terms, offering a broad network of health assistance services, this network was little efficient regarding assistance to deafness.


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Child , Humans , Deafness/diagnosis , Early Intervention, Educational , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Brazil , Deafness/rehabilitation , Hearing Loss/rehabilitation , Medical Records , Persons With Hearing Impairments , Retrospective Studies , Speech-Language Pathology
14.
Braz. j. otorhinolaryngol. (Impr.) ; 76(4): 510-516, jul.-ago. 2010. tab
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-556883

ABSTRACT

A audição é uma das principais formas de ligação entre o ser humano e o ambiente no qual ele vive, porém, a deficiência auditiva ainda é diagnosticada tardiamente no Brasil interferindo diretamente no desenvolvimento global da criança. OBJETIVO: Verificar o conhecimento de pediatras e ginecologistas a respeito dos fatores de risco para a surdez, o modo de aquisição do conhecimento e ocorrência de orientação aos pais a respeito do tema. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Participaram 119 médicos, pertencentes a três hospitais públicos da cidade do Recife. Foi aplicada uma entrevista, antes e após campanha de esclarecimento sobre o tema. O estudo foi descritivo, transversal, tipo série de casos. A análise dos dados foi descritiva. RESULTADOS: Constatou-se que apenas 3 dos 18 fatores de risco para surdez listados obtiveram respostas acima de 50 por cento na etapa inicial e 53,84 por cento dos profissionais faziam orientações as famílias. Todas as respostas aumentaram na segunda etapa. CONCLUSÃO: Existe uma maior necessidade de campanhas de orientação, as ações de atenção primária à surdez constituem o meio mais barato e eficaz no combate a perda auditiva. Os otorrinolaringologistas e fonoaudiólogos devem estar presentes desempenhando trabalho educativo e de diagnóstico que visa intervenção o mais cedo possível.


Hearing is one of the main forms of connection between human being and the environment; however, hearing loss is still diagnosed very late in Brazil, which directly interferes with the child's development. AIM: The aim of this study was to check the knowledge pediatricians and gynecologists have about the risk factors for the deafness, the way they acquired such knowledge and parent education about the subject. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We enrolled 119 doctors from three public hospitals of the city of Recife. An interview was applied, before and after the educational campaign on the matter. The study was descriptive, cross-sectional, case series-type. Data analysis was descriptive and inferential. RESULTS: The results showed that only 3 of the 18 hearing loss risk factors listed had gotten answers above 50 percent in the initial stage of the study and 53.84 percent of the professionals educated the families. All the answers had increased in the second stage. CONCLUSION: The results emphasize the need to pay more attention to this matter; therefore, primary care is an inexpensive and efficient way to fight hearing loss.


Subject(s)
Female , Humans , Male , Clinical Competence/statistics & numerical data , Deafness/etiology , Gynecology/standards , Pediatrics/standards , Cross-Sectional Studies , Deafness/diagnosis , Risk Factors
15.
Rev. Hosp. Clin. Univ. Chile ; 21(2): 170-176, 2010. tab
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-620981

ABSTRACT

Neonatal hearing loss affects 1-3 from every 1000 live newborns. For optimal language and social development, proper diagnosis and treatment must be established before the first 6months of age. In Chile, screening for hearing loss is only performed on high-risk newborns weighting less than 1500 grams. However, about half of the newborns with hearing loss have no risk factors. Given the importance of this disability and the fact that it can be effectively diagnosed, a universal detection program for hearing loss becomes necessary. Further more, effective treatments for hearing loss, like hearing aids and cochlear implants are available in several institutions of our country, including the Clinical Hospital of the University of Chile. Worldwide, the most used screening methods are otoacoustic emissions and auditory brainstem evoked responses, the former, a test that detects the acoustic energy generated by the outer hair cells of the cochlea in response to a brief sound, and the latter a test that measures neural responses of the central auditory pathway. Both are objective and non-invasive techniques. Here we review evidences that support the need of creating a universal newborn hearing screening program in Chile.


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Hearing Loss/congenital , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Hearing Loss/genetics , Deafness/congenital , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/epidemiology , Deafness/genetics
16.
São Paulo med. j ; 127(2): 61-65, May 2009. tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-518403

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT AND OBJECTIVE: Infant hearing deficiency is a human disorder with devastating effects and serious implications for the development of speech and language. Early diagnosis of hearing loss should be the objective of a multidisciplinary team, and early-intervention programs should immediately follow this. The aim of this study was to investigate the knowledge and conduct of pediatricians and pediatric residents in a tertiary teaching hospital regarding deafness. DESIGN AND SETTING: Cross-sectional study in a tertiary hospital in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. METHODS: Eighty-eight questionnaires were randomly distributed to pediatricians and pediatric residents. RESULTS: Thirty-six questionnaires were analyzed. Most respondents (61.1 percent) were residents in pediatrics and/or neonatology. Eighty-three percent of them performed special procedures on babies presenting a high risk of deafness, and 55 percent reported that they had no knowledge of techniques for screening hearing. Most of them were unaware of the classifications of level and type of hearing loss. According to 47.2 percent of them, infants could begin to use a hearing aid at six months of age. Most of them reported that infants could undergo hearing rehabilitation during the first six months of life, and all respondents stated 's responsibilities. CONCLUSIONS: Even though most of the participants followed special procedures with babies presenting a high risk of deafness, they did not routinely investigate hearing. All respondents believed that it is a doctor's responsibility to be concerned about child communication.


CONTEXTO E OBJETIVO: A deficiência auditiva na criança é uma das desordens humanas cujo impacto tem efeito devastador produzindo sérias conseqüências no desenvolvimento da fala e linguagem. O diagnóstico precoce da perda auditiva deve ser objetivo de uma equipe interdisciplinar e ser seguido imediatamente por programas de intervenção precoce. O objetivo foi investigar o conhecimento e condutas de pediatras e residentes em pediatria de um hospital-escola terciário em relação à surdez. TIPO DE ESTUDO E LOCAL: Estudo transversal, hospital terciário do Estado de São Paulo. MÉTODOS: Oitenta e oito questionários distribuídos para pediatras e residentes em pediatria. RESULTADOS: Analisados 36 questionários. A maioria dos entrevistados (61,1 por cento) foi de residentes em pediatria e/ou neonatologia. Oitenta e três por cento realizavam alguma conduta especial com bebês de alto risco para surdez, e 55 por cento referiram não ter conhecimento sobre técnicas de triagem auditiva. A maioria desconhecia as classificações de grau e tipo de perda auditiva. Para 47,2 por cento, a criança poderia utilizar o aparelho auditivo a partir de seis meses. A maioria referiu que a criança poderia realizar reabilitação auditiva nos primeiros seis meses de vida e todos os entrevistados responderam que é função do médico ter preocupação com a comunicação da criança. CONCLUSÕES: Mesmo a maioria adotando condutas especiais com bebês de alto risco para surdez, não se investigava rotineiramente a audição. Todos os entrevistados julgaram ser função do médico se preocupar com a comunicação da criança.


Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Infant, Newborn , Male , Deafness/diagnosis , Neonatal Screening , Neonatology/standards , Pediatrics/standards , Physician's Role , Brazil , Cross-Sectional Studies , Deafness/epidemiology , Early Diagnosis , Hearing Tests , Hospitals, Teaching , Medical Staff, Hospital/standards , Professional Practice , Surveys and Questionnaires , Risk Factors
17.
Rev. méd. Minas Gerais ; 18(4,supl.3): S61-S66, dez. 2008.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-552116

ABSTRACT

A detecção precoce da surdez favorece o desenvolvimento global da criança, pois permite estimulação sensorial adequada e em tempo hábil. A triagem auditiva neonatal, por meio de medidas de potencial evocado de tronco encefálico e emissões otoacústicas e avaliações comportamentais, permite identificar entre um grupo de indivíduos os que possuem alta probabilidade de apresentar perda auditiva e precisarão de diagnóstico completo. Este artigo busca fazer uma revisão sobre o papel da triagem auditiva neonatal no diagnóstico precoce dos problemas auditivos na infância e das técnicas mais utilizadas para sua realização, além de discutir as políticas públicas atuais e o papel do pediatra nesse processo. É fundamental que os pediatras reconheçam a importância da realização da triagem auditiva, pois exercem influência significativa na tomada de decisões dos pais.


Subject(s)
Humans , Infant, Newborn , Hearing , Deafness/diagnosis , Neonatal Screening
18.
Pediatr. día ; 24(1): 20-30, mar.-abr. 2008.
Article in Spanish | LILACS | ID: lil-547374

ABSTRACT

La sordera congénita es un problema que todo pediatra debe intentar detectar precozmente para derivar en forma oportuna a estudio y rehabilitación por especialista. La anamnesisi personal y familiar, el examen físico completo y el conocimiento de malformaciones asociadas a hipoacusia, ayudan en la sospecha de este diagnóstico. Este artículo describe las causas de sordera congénita asociada o no a síndromes genéticos.


Subject(s)
Humans , Child , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Hearing Loss/genetics , Deafness/diagnosis , Deafness/genetics
19.
Biomedica. 2008; 24 (2): 143-146
in English | IMEMR | ID: emr-85981

ABSTRACT

Late diagnosis, late intervention, inconsistent follow-ups, inadequate maintenance of hearing aids and not so good outcome is something nobody amongst service providers in the field of ENT, audiology and also psychiatry wishes to come across. The fact that many factors, elements, people and physicians are involved in the equation of service provision and results / outcome, therefore, it is very difficult to predict or contemplate what one does will bring good results. The element of myth, physicians dealing with deafness rarely getting help from psychiatrists and psychologists. The age at diagnosis is one of the key element in this process. It marks the beginning of a long term process and is therefore considered a parameter of concern. With a view to determine seriously how we take the hearing problem. This study was conducted at Lahore Medical and Dental College, Ghurki Trust Teaching Hospital. The objective was to find the mean age of diagnosis, type and amount of deafness, associated problems with emphasis on related psychiatric problems in particular the element of depression. In a total of 200 patients between the ages of 10 years and 80 years over a period of five years from Jan 2003 to Jan 2008 were evaluated and investigated. They represent the major ethnic group of central Punjab. Every patient underwent a detailed clinical examination, any depressive or psychiatric symptoms and relevant audiological investigations. The cause of hearing loss could be found in 82% cases. Main causes were infections [31%], trauma [19%], presbyacusis [8%] and genetic [5%]. The cause of hearing loss could not be established in 18% cases. It was higher in males [58%] than females but noticeably higher in uneducated muslim patients. Late diagnosis was also related to financial background, family size and accessibility to the health facility. In conclusion the findings of the study are a cause for concern because the element of psychiatric disturbances was very high [60%] and it raises the questions about the importance the patients with hearing problems. It is also to be pointful out that and how little importance clinicians give to associated psychiatric disturbance, in particular depressive episodes


Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Depression , Hearing Aids , Age Factors , Deafness/etiology , Socioeconomic Factors , Surveys and Questionnaires , Sex Distribution , Deafness/diagnosis
20.
Rev. panam. salud pública ; 21(6): 381-387, jun. 2007. graf, tab
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-463155

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To provide the first population-based data on deafness and hearing impairment in Brazil. METHODS: In 2003, a cross-sectional household survey was conducted of 2 427 persons 4 years old and over. The study population was composed of 1 040 systematically chosen households in 40 randomly selected census tracts (dwelling clusters) in the city of Canoas, which is in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, in southern Brazil. Hearing function was evaluated in all subjects by both pure-tone audiometry and physical examination, using the World Health Organization Ear and Hearing Disorders Survey Protocol and definitions of hearing levels. The socioeconomic data that were gathered included the amount of schooling of all individuals tested and the income of the head of the household. RESULTS: It was found that 26.1 percent of the population studied showed some level of hearing impairment, and 6.8 percent (95 percent confidence interval (CI) = 5.5 percent-8.1 percent) were classified in the disabling hearing impairment group. The prevalence of moderate hearing loss was 5.4 percent (95 percent CI = 4.4 percent-6.4 percent); for severe hearing loss, 1.2 percent (95 percent CI = 0.7 percent-1.7 percent); and for profound hearing loss, 0.2 percent (95 percent CI = 0.03 percent-0.33 percent). The groups at higher risk for hearing loss were men (odds ratio (OR) = 1.54; 95 percent CI = 1.06-2.23); participants 60 years of age and over (OR = 12.55; 95 percent CI = 8.38-18.79); those with fewer years of formal schooling (OR = 3.92; 95 percent CI = 2.14-7.16); and those with lower income (OR = 1.56; 95 percent CI = 1.06-2.27). CONCLUSIONS: These results support advocacy by health policy planners and care providers for the prevention of deafness and hearing impairment. The findings could help build awareness in the community, in universities, and in government agencies of the health care needs that hearing problems create.


OBJETIVO: Presentar los primeros datos de un estudio de base poblacional sobre sordera y deficiencia auditiva en Brasil. MÉTODOS: Se realizó una encuesta transversal de hogares en 2003 en la que participaron 2 427 personas de 4 años de edad o más. La población de estudio estuvo compuesta por 1 040 hogares escogidos de manera sistemática en 40 sectores censales (conglomerados de viviendas) escogidos al azar en la ciudad de Canoas, estado de Rio Grande do Sul, en el sur de Brasil. Se evaluó la función auditiva de los participantes mediante audiometría tonal liminar y examen físico, según el Protocolo para el Estudio de Trastornos Oticos y Auditivos y las definiciones de niveles auditivos, ambos de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Entre los datos socioeconómicos colectados estaban los años de escolaridad de las personas estudiadas y los ingresos del jefe del hogar. RESULTADOS: Se encontró que 26,1 por ciento de la población estudiada mostró algún grado de deficiencia auditiva y 6,8 por ciento (intervalo de confianza de 95 por ciento [IC95 por ciento]: 5,5 por ciento a 8,1 por ciento) se clasificó en el grupo con deficiencia auditiva incapacitante. La prevalencia de pérdida auditiva moderada fue de 5,4 por ciento (IC95 por ciento: 4,4 por ciento a 6,4 por ciento); de pérdida auditiva grave, 1,2 por ciento (IC95 por ciento: 0,7 por ciento a 1,7 por ciento); y de pérdida auditiva profunda, 0,2 por ciento (IC95 por ciento: 0,03 por ciento a 0,33 por ciento). Los grupos en mayor riesgo de pérdida auditiva fueron los hombres (razón de posibilidades [odds ratio, OR] = 1,54; IC95 por ciento: 1,06 a 2,23); los participantes de 60 años de edad o más (OR = 12,55; IC95 por ciento: 8,38 a 18,79); los que tenían menos años de escolaridad formal (OR = 3,92; IC95 por ciento: 2,14 a 7,16); y los que tenían menores ingresos (OR = 1,56; IC95 por ciento: 1,06 a 2,27). CONCLUSIONES: Estos resultados respaldan las recomendaciones de los planificadores de...


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Infant, Newborn , Male , Middle Aged , Deafness/epidemiology , Hearing Loss/epidemiology , Age Factors , Audiometry, Pure-Tone , Brazil/epidemiology , Cross-Sectional Studies , Deafness/diagnosis , Education , Health Surveys , Hearing Loss/diagnosis , Income , Odds Ratio , Prevalence , Sex Factors , Socioeconomic Factors , Urban Population , World Health Organization
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